Jyotirao Phule Life,Biography,Death,Books,Achievements

Jyotirao Phule ( Indian Social Reformer)

Jyotirao Phule was a great social reformer of the 19th century. At that time there was a trend of high-caste and caste classification in India. Due to this people had to suffer discrimination. Against all this, he launched several organizations and revolutionary movements. His full name was "Jyoti Rao Govindrao Phule". The surname 'Phule' behind his name was derived from the works of his ancestors. He is also known as Mahatma Phule and Jyotiba Phule. Jyoti Rao Phule was a social worker, writer and philosopher. Mahatma Phule was a revolutionary activist. He was born on 11 April 1827. He formed many organizations and institutions. They wanted to give women the same respect as men in society. They were in support of women's education and for this, they also did many women empowerment works. On 24 September 1873, Mahatma Phule formed the Satyashodhak Samaj in Maharashtra. Jyotirao Phule was against the prevailing conservative policies and discrimination based on caste in society. He did many things for the upliftment of women and Dalits. In his time, women did not have the right to education. Therefore, their original objective was to empower women to have the right to education. He was always against child marriage. He supported widow marriage.

Mahatma Phule opened many schools for women's education. She built the first school for women's education in Pune. Seeing the pathetic condition of women, Mahatma Phule decided that he would continue to bring revolutionary changes in society. Mahatma Phule himself taught his wife Savitribai Phule. Savitribai Phule became India's first female teacher, which was a big deal at that time. Mahatma Phule died on 28 November 1890 at the age of 63.

Early life of Jyotiba Phule: -

Born in the 19th century, Jyotiba Phule faced discrimination and conservative policies prevalent in society at that time. Jyotiba Phule was born in 1827. His mother died leaving him as a child. He was one year old when his mother died. So they did not get maternal happiness. He was brought up by Bai. Jyotiba Phule was educated in the Marathi language for some time. But later he missed his studies. He completed seventh grade of English at the age of 21. 

Many generations ago his family moved from Satara to Pune.
Here his family started the work of making flower gems. For this reason, he came to be known as Phule due to the gardener's work. His family's real surname was Gore. His grandfather worked as a chaugula. Chaugula used to be a servant (employee) of a lower type of village. Jyotiba Phule's father Govindrao used to cultivate and sell flowers. His mother was Chimnabai. He completed his English studies in 1847.

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Jyotiba Phule's turning point in life: -

Jyotiba Phule was a gardener. At that time there was a lot of caste discrimination in India. Mali caste was considered inferior due to caste discrimination. This caste discrimination changed his life. In 1848, an incident happened to him that changed his life. Once in 1848, Jyotiba Phule's friend was married. Jyotiba Phule went to the wedding. The marriage was in a Brahmin family and the Brahmins were counted among the upper caste. When they went to the wedding ceremony, the friend's parents scolded and insulted them. He said why have you come to the marriage as a low caste person? At that time he had to bear the brunt of his caste. Jyotiba Phule was affected by the injustice of the caste system due to this incident. After this incident, he decided to root out caste discrimination prevalent in society.

Jyotiba Phule's field of work: -

Women's Welfare

Jyotiba Phule did many things for women. She did welfare works to improve the status of women in society. In 1848, she opened a school to promote female education. This school was the first school in the country for women's education. He qualified his wife Savitri when she could not find a teacher to teach girls. The upper-class people tried to obstruct their work but they kept ongoing. Later, the husband and wife were forced out of the home, putting pressure on their father. This hampered her work for some time, but she opened three schools to teach girls one after the other. He emphasized on many works for the right to education for women, widow marriage, equal rights and respect for men.

 Establishment of schools: -

He opened the doors of education for women by looking at the pathetic condition of women in society. To improve the pathetic condition of women, he started teaching women. For this, he opened a school in 1848 to educate girls. His wife used to teach in this school. She later opened three schools for girls.

Jyotiba Phule received the title of Mahatma: -

Jyotiba Phule always supported the idea of ​​women education, ban on child marriage, support of widow marriage and ban on caste discrimination. He opened several schools to provide education to women. Mahatma Phule established the "Satyashodhak Samaj" to provide justice to the poor and weaker sections. Satyashodhak Samaj was committed to social service. In view of his social service, a meeting in Mumbai in 1888 earned him the title of 'Mahatma'. He was opposed to child marriage and a widow marriage supporter. He started the marriage ceremony without a Brahmin-priest. Later it was also recognized by the Mumbai High Court.

Satyashodhak Samaj: -

Jyotiba Phule established an organization to provide justice to the poor, the weak and the women. He founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873. He formed this organization only to provide justice to the Shudra and Dalit people. He denied idol worship and called the caste system blasphemous. The Satyashodhak Samaj campaign served to spread the rational ideology in society and negate the need for priests. The Satyashodhak Samaj was founded on 24 September 1873 by Jyotiba Phule.

Death of Mahatma Phule: -

Mahatma Jyotiba Phule died on 28 November 1890. He died at the age of 63 in Pune. Mahatma Phule was a great social reformer and female education provider.

Mahatma Phule Jayanti: -

People celebrate his birthday on 11 April every year as Mahatma Phule Jayanti. He was born on 11 April 1827. On Jyotiba Phule Jayanti, people remember him as a social reformer.

Books are written by Mahatma Phule: -

Mahatma Phule wrote many books. He wrote many books on society, religion and traditions prevailing in the society. Jyotiba Phule wrote books like Chhatrapati Shivaji, Raja Bhosala ka Pakhda, Gulamgiri, Tratiy Ratn, Kisan ka Koda, Achhuto Ki Kaiphiyat etc. during his lifetime.

Place of birth of Mahatma Phule: -

Mahatma Phule was born in Khanbadi village in Pune province, British India. It is now in Maharashtra.